乌克兰美食

#有什么让你吃过就难忘的美食#

大家好，今天给大家讲讲乌克兰的美食，很多中国朋友经常想问的，这里谈一谈，希望我的朋友可以更多了解我们的美食文化。

Ukrainian cuisine has been created for many centuries, so it reflects to some extent not only the historical development of the Ukrainian people, its customs and tastes, but also the social conditions, natural and climatic features of the Ukrainian people in its historical development.

乌克兰美食已经有很多个世纪的历史，因此它在一定程度上反映了乌克兰人民的历史发展，习俗和品味，也反映了乌克兰人民在其历史发展中的社会特性，自然和气候特征。

Ukrainian folk cuisine originated from easy-to-prepare rural dishes based on cereals and vegetables such as potatoes, cabbage, beets and mushrooms. Therefore, the traditional cuisine of Ukrainians is rich in a wide variety of vegetable dishes, such as borsch, cabbage, cabbage rolls, sauerkraut, pickles, pumpkin porridge.

乌克兰民间美食起源于以谷物和蔬菜（如土豆，卷心菜，甜菜和蘑菇）为主的简单的乡村菜肴。因此，乌克兰人的传统美食丰富，各种各样的蔬菜菜肴，如罗宋汤，卷心菜，卷心菜卷，酸菜，泡菜，南瓜粥。

Borscht is probably the most famous Ukrainian dish. There are many ways to cook borscht, as well as many varieties. However, traditional borscht always contains beets, which gives it a characteristic taste and color, and is prepared on meat or meat and bone broth. In addition to beets, the borscht also includes vegetables such as cabbage, carrots, tomatoes (or tomato paste), potatoes, onions. The sharpness of the borscht is provided by red pepper, which is especially common in the South of Ukraine. Cabbage is a traditional Ukrainian cabbage soup. The soup is prepared on meat broth, in which in addition to cabbage stewed in a pan, potatoes, carrots and onions are also added.

罗宋汤可能是最著名的乌克兰菜。有很多方法可以烹饪罗宋汤，而且有许多品种。然而，传统的罗宋汤总是含有甜菜，这赋予它独特的味道和颜色，并且是在肉或肉和骨汤上做的。除甜菜外，罗宋汤还包括卷心菜、胡萝卜、西红柿（或番茄酱），土豆，洋葱等蔬菜。罗宋汤的口味由红辣椒调制，这在乌克兰南部尤为常见。卷心菜是一种传统的乌克兰卷心菜汤。汤是在肉汤上准备的，除了在平底锅中炖白菜外，还添加了土豆、胡萝卜和洋葱。

Given that Ukrainians have been a farming people since ancient times, the traditional Ukrainian culture based on the veneration of bread has been reflected in the traditional menu of Ukrainians. And what can be eaten better than fragrant donuts (with garlic or poppy seeds), hearty dumplings with sour cream, fragrant cakes with cheese, dumplings, generously poured hot oil, delicious pancakes with honey? And popular Ukrainian dishes: stuffed cabbage, delicious meatloaf or curls, lard, roast with potatoes!

鉴于乌克兰人自古以来就是一个农业民族，面包在乌克兰文化中是重要的传统美食。还有什么比香甜圈（配大蒜或罂粟籽）、丰盛的酸奶油饺子、香脆的奶酪蛋糕、饺子、大方倒入的热油、蜂蜜煎饼更美味呢？以及普遍的乌克兰菜肴：卷心菜馅，美味的肉饼或卷发，猪油，烤土豆！

fish, berries, milk and dairy products, oils and, less commonly, meat were the mainstays of flour for our ancestors. Pork dishes are very common in Ukrainian cuisine. And the famous lard is a separate culinary story! Lard is not just a snack. This is our pride, our symbol of prosperity, "our everything"! When preparing lard - very often use spices such as paprika, garlic, black pepper, bay leaf, etc.

鱼，浆果，牛奶和乳制品，油以及不太常见的肉类是我们祖先的主食。猪肉菜肴在乌克兰美食中很常见。著名的猪油是一个特别的烹饪故事！猪油不仅仅是一种零食。这是我们的骄傲，我们繁荣的象征，“我们的一切”！准备猪油时 - 经常使用香料，如辣椒粉，大蒜，黑胡椒，月桂叶等。

Wheat and sunflower have fed Ukrainians for many generations. We have very common cereals: pumpkin, millet, corn. They are sweet, dairy, with sauces. Buckwheat and millet porridges have long been widespread throughout Ukraine. Corn porridge and oats were also in demand. Wheat Porridge was less popular because wheat was almost entirely processed into flour. But wheat was used not only for flour, but also for cereals, from which kutia was cooked. Rice groats became more widespread only in the postwar years.

小麦和向日葵是乌克兰人很多代的主食。我们有非常常见的谷物：南瓜，小米，玉米。它们是甜的，乳制品，配酱汁。荞麦和小米粥长期以来一直广泛分布在乌克兰各地。玉米粥和燕麦也有需求。小麦粥不太受欢迎，因为小麦几乎完全被加工成面粉。但小麦不仅用于面粉，还用于谷物，从中煮熟kutia。稻谷仅在战后才变得更加普遍。

A significant place in the diet of our ancestors has long been occupied by fish, among which are carp, bream, sturgeon, catfish, eel, tench, sandpiper, pike, elm. Ukrainian cuisine has long been characterized by a great variety of dishes and their high taste and nutritional qualities. Among them are potato pancakes, or potato pancakes (these are potato pancakes, delicious and easy to cook; potatoes are grated on a fine grater, add egg, salt, a little flour, if desired - onions.), And zrazy, meatballs with stuffing , which were originally a dish of Lithuanian cuisine, and in Ukraine gained popularity in the form of potatoes, stuffed with meat or mushrooms. Banosh is a dish of Ukrainian cuisine that is related to Hutsul traditions. It is a porridge of corn flour with a sour milk taste, cooked in sour cream or cream, sprinkled with grated cheese. Fried mushrooms or bacon are often added to the banosh.

在我们祖先的饮食中，鱼类一直占据着重要的位置，其中包括鲤鱼，鲷鱼，鲟鱼，鲶鱼，鳗鱼，丁鹬，鹬，梭子鱼，榆树。乌克兰美食长期以来一直以种类繁多的菜肴及其高营养品质为特征。其中包括土豆煎饼（这些是土豆煎饼，美味且易于烹饪;土豆在细刨丝器上磨碎，如果需要，可以加入鸡蛋，盐，少许面粉 - 洋葱），和zrazy，带馅料的肉丸，最初是立陶宛美食的菜肴，并且在乌克兰以土豆的形式流行起来， 塞满肉或蘑菇。Banosh是一道乌克兰美食，与Hutsul传统有关。它是一种带有酸牛奶味的玉米粉粥，用酸奶油或奶油煮熟，撒上磨碎的奶酪。油炸蘑菇或培根经常被添加到香蕉中。

Since a home-made stove was considered to be the hearth in Ukraine, our ancestors prepared mostly boiled, stewed and baked food. A large number of dishes (krucheniki, zavivantsi, stuffed poultry and vegetables, lard and garlic-stuffed meat, etc.) are prepared in stuffed or larded form.

家用的炉子被认为是乌克兰的炉膛，我们的祖先主要用炉子煮，炖和烤食物。大量的菜肴（krucheniki，zavivantsi，家禽和蔬菜，猪油和大蒜馅的肉等）都是以填充或猪油的形式准备的。

Kvass and compote are very popular among soft drinks in Ukrainian cuisine. Kvass - cold, fresh, indispensable in the heat. Compote is, in fact, a compote of fruits or berries, dried or fresh, sometimes with the addition of honey. It is a mandatory component of the Christmas table. Speaking of drinks, it is impossible not to mention the favorite of the Zaporozhian Cossacks vodka and other intoxicating drinks - mead and varenukha.

克瓦斯和蜜饯在乌克兰美食的软饮料中非常受欢迎。克瓦斯 - 冰凉，新鲜，在天气炎热时不可或缺。事实上，蜜饯是水果或浆果的蜜饯，干燥或新鲜，有时添加蜂蜜。它是圣诞餐桌的必备美食。说到饮料，不可能不提到扎波罗热哥萨克伏特加和其他令人陶醉的饮料 - 蜂蜜酒和varenukha。

The traditional Ukrainian sweet dishes include all sorts of dragonflies, verguny, cheesecakes, poppies. Sand dough is mainly used for baking.

传统的乌克兰甜食包括各种蜻蜓，verguny，芝士蛋糕，罂粟花。沙面团主要用于烘烤。

Ukrainian cuisine can also be characterized by seasonality: in winter the diet is dominated by high-calorie and fatty foods, pickles, in the warm season - raw or stewed vegetables, summer is the time of beets, radishes, turnips, berries (raspberries, blueberries, strawberries, cherries ), which are used in the preparation of delicious desserts and preserves, various fruits.

乌克兰美食也存在季节性的特征：在冬季，饮食以高热量和高脂肪食物，泡菜为主，在春秋温暖的季节 - 生或炖蔬菜，夏季是甜菜，萝卜，浆果（覆盆子，蓝莓，草莓，樱桃）的时间，用于制备美味的甜点和蜜饯，各种水果。

Modern Ukrainian cuisine consists of a variety of fruits and vegetables, meat, poultry, fish, mushrooms and berries. These products are prepared mainly in three ways - cooking, stewing and baking.

现代乌克兰美食包括各种水果和蔬菜，肉类，家禽，鱼类，蘑菇和浆果。这些产品主要以三种方式制备 - 烹饪，炖和烘烤。

It is impossible to convey in words the taste of Ukrainian dishes, but all this can be tried only here! Ukrainian cuisine deserves to become a favorite for every guest of our country.

乌克兰菜肴的美味用语言难以尽言，只能在这里尽可能的表达出来！乌克兰美食应该成为我们国家每一位客人的最爱。

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